Exploring Technological Tools for Managing Childhood Diabetes

Childhood diabetes, whether type 1 or type 2, can be a challenging condition to manage. However, advancements in medical technology have paved the way for innovative solutions that can greatly benefit children with diabetes. Insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) are two such tools that have revolutionized diabetes management. In this article, we will explore these technological marvels and list four popular insulin pumps and CGMs that can be worn by users in the UK.

Carb Counting Apps

Carb counting is an essential skill for children with diabetes, especially those with type 1 diabetes, as it helps them manage their blood sugar levels effectively. Several mobile apps are designed to make carb counting engaging and educational for children. Here are some mobile apps that can help children learn carb counting:

1. Carb Counting with Lenny: This app features a friendly lion character named Lenny, who guides children through the process of carb counting. It includes interactive games and quizzes to reinforce learning and make it fun for kids. Sadly, it was last updated by Medtronic in 2013 and targets a predominant US audience.
2. Diabetes Pal: While primarily a diabetes management app, T1D Pal also includes features to help record foods that you have eaten, insulin doses, body weights and several other items that are useful to be logged..
3. Nutrition for Kids: This app is not diabetes-specific but can be a valuable resource for teaching children about nutrition, including understanding carbohydrates. It provides information on various food items and their nutritional content.
4. Carbs4Kids: This app has several thousand food items in its own databse that children and parents can search and adjust the weight and quantity to help them learn about the carbohydrates in their food. It also has a handy HbA1c record keeper and is customisable with your childs favourite character.

Insulin Pumps

Insulin pumps are small devices that deliver a continuous supply of insulin into the body, mimicking the natural insulin production of the pancreas. They offer precise control over insulin dosage and can significantly improve blood sugar management for children with diabetes. Here are three insulin pumps that users in the UK can consider:

Medtronic MiniMed 670G:

The Medtronic MiniMed 670G is an advanced insulin pump system that is designed to provide automated insulin delivery for people with diabetes, specifically those with type 1 diabetes. It is known for its hybrid closed-loop system, which is sometimes referred to as an artificial pancreas. Here are some key features and details about the Medtronic MiniMed 670G:

1. Hybrid Closed-Loop System: The MiniMed 670G is designed to mimic the function of a healthy pancreas by continuously monitoring glucose levels and adjusting insulin delivery accordingly. It uses a sensor to measure glucose levels in the body and automatically adjusts basal insulin delivery rates to keep blood sugar levels within a target range.
2. Auto Mode: The system’s Auto Mode is the heart of its closed-loop functionality. In this mode, the pump adjusts basal insulin delivery every five minutes based on real-time sensor glucose readings. It aims to minimize both high and low blood sugar levels, providing improved glucose control.
3. Manual Mode: Users can also switch to Manual Mode, allowing them to have more control over insulin delivery. This mode can be useful in situations where manual adjustments are preferred.
4. Guardian Sensor 3: The MiniMed 670G uses the Guardian Sensor 3, which is a highly accurate and reliable glucose sensor. It measures glucose levels in the interstitial fluid and sends data to the insulin pump for real-time monitoring.
5. SmartGuard HCL Algorithm: The SmartGuard Hybrid Closed Loop (HCL) algorithm is responsible for making insulin delivery adjustments in Auto Mode. It helps prevent hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar) by automatically reducing or suspending insulin delivery when glucose levels are predicted to drop too low.
6. Customizable Settings: Users have the ability to set personalized glucose target ranges and adjust settings to align with their specific needs and lifestyle.
7. Remote Monitoring: Caregivers and healthcare providers can remotely monitor the MiniMed 670G system’s data through the CareLink platform, allowing for better diabetes management and support.

It’s important to note that the Medtronic MiniMed 670G requires proper training and supervision by healthcare professionals for safe and effective use. Additionally, the availability of specific features and compatibility may vary depending on the version and updates of the system.

This insulin pump offers an advanced hybrid closed-loop system, automatically adjusting insulin delivery based on CGM readings to maintain target blood glucose levels.

Tandem t:slim X2

The Tandem t:slim X2 is a modern insulin pump designed to help individuals with diabetes, specifically those with type 1 diabetes, manage their insulin therapy effectively. Here are some key features and details about the Tandem t:slim X2:

1. Touchscreen Interface: The t:slim X2 is known for its user-friendly touchscreen interface, which makes it easy to program and operate. Users can quickly navigate menus and enter data with the intuitive touchscreen.
2. Basal-IQ Technology: The t:slim X2 is equipped with Basal-IQ technology, which is an integrated predictive low-glucose suspend (PLGS) feature. This feature helps reduce the risk of hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar) by automatically suspending insulin delivery when the system predicts that glucose levels will go below a predefined threshold.
3. Control-IQ Technology: In addition to Basal-IQ, the t:slim X2 can be upgraded to Control-IQ technology. Control-IQ is an advanced hybrid closed-loop system that automatically adjusts both basal insulin delivery and insulin boluses based on real-time glucose readings. It aims to keep glucose levels in a target range while minimizing the risk of highs and lows.
4. Integration with Dexcom G6 CGM: The t:slim X2 is compatible with the Dexcom G6 Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) system. This integration allows users to see their real-time glucose data on the pump’s screen without the need for a separate CGM receiver.
5. Bluetooth Connectivity: The pump features Bluetooth connectivity, enabling users to share their data with smartphones and the Tandem Device Updater, which allows for remote software updates. This feature enhances the user experience and ensures access to the latest pump features.
6. Customizable Alerts: Users can set customizable alerts and alarms to notify them of important events, such as low or high glucose levels, upcoming insulin cartridge changes, or infusion set changes.
7. Bolus Calculator: The t:slim X2 includes a bolus calculator that assists users in determining the correct insulin dose for meals and corrections. It takes into account factors like current glucose levels, insulin on board, and carbohydrate intake.
8. Slim and Compact Design: The pump’s design is sleek and slim, making it easy to wear discreetly. It has a rechargeable battery, reducing the need for frequent battery changes.
9. Waterproof: The t:slim X2 is designed to be waterproof with an IPX7 rating, which means it can be submerged in up to 3 feet of water for 30 minutes. This feature makes it suitable for activities like swimming and bathing.

The Tandem t:slim X2 is a notable option for individuals seeking advanced insulin pump technology to manage their diabetes. It offers a combination of user-friendly features, integration with CGM technology, and predictive algorithms to enhance blood sugar control and reduce the risk of hypoglycaemia. For the most up-to-date information and details about its availability in the UK, it’s advisable to consult with healthcare providers or contact Tandem Diabetes Care directly.

Omnipod Dash

The Omnipod Dash is an innovative insulin pump system designed to provide flexibility and convenience to individuals with diabetes, particularly those who require insulin therapy. Unlike traditional insulin pumps with tubing, the Omnipod Dash features a tubeless, wearable design. Here are some key features and details about the Omnipod Dash:

1. Tubeless Design: One of the defining characteristics of the Omnipod Dash is its tubeless design. The insulin is contained within a small, lightweight pod that adheres to the user’s skin. This eliminates the need for tubing and allows for discreet and comfortable wear.
2. Wireless Control: The Dash Personal Diabetes Manager (PDM) is used to wirelessly control the insulin pod. The PDM has a touchscreen interface that makes it easy to program and operate. Users can initiate insulin delivery and manage their insulin therapy settings through the PDM.
3. Basal and Bolus Insulin Delivery: The Omnipod Dash offers both basal and bolus insulin delivery options. Users can set basal rates to provide a continuous supply of insulin throughout the day and deliver bolus doses to cover meals or correct high blood sugar levels.
4. Customizable Insulin Delivery: Users can customize their insulin delivery settings to match their individual needs and lifestyle. This includes setting basal rates, insulin-to-carbohydrate ratios, and correction factors.
5. Waterproof: The Omnipod Dash is designed to be waterproof with an IP28 rating, which means it can be submerged in up to 25 feet of water for a specified time. This makes it suitable for activities like swimming and bathing.
6. Data Management: The system allows users to download and review their insulin delivery and glucose data using the Omnipod Display and Omnipod VIEW apps. This data can help users and healthcare providers make informed decisions about diabetes management.
7. Integrated Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM): While the Omnipod Dash itself does not include a CGM, it can be integrated with certain CGM systems, allowing users to view their real-time glucose data alongside their insulin therapy information.
8. Pod Changes: Users typically change the insulin pod every three days, which involves applying a new pod to a different site on the body. The system provides reminders for pod changes.
9. Remote Monitoring: The Omnipod Dash system supports remote monitoring, allowing caregivers or loved ones to keep track of insulin delivery and receive alerts when necessary.
10. Ease of Use: The Omnipod Dash is known for its user-friendly design, making it suitable for both children and adults.

It’s worth noting that the availability and specific features of the Omnipod Dash may vary depending on the region and updates made by the manufacturer, Insulet Corporation. To get the most up-to-date information and details about its availability in the UK, we recommend consulting with healthcare providers or contacting Insulet directly if you are considering using the Omnipod Dash for insulin therapy.

Continuous Glucose Monitors (CGMs)

CGMs continuously measure glucose levels in the interstitial fluid and provide real-time data to help manage diabetes effectively. They are especially beneficial for children as they reduce the need for frequent fingerstick tests. Here are four CGMs suitable for users in the UK:

Dexcom G6

The Dexcom G6 is a CGM system designed to continuously monitor glucose levels in individuals with diabetes, helping them manage their blood sugar more effectively. Here are key features and details about the Dexcom G6:

1. Continuous Glucose Monitoring: The Dexcom G6 consists of a small, wearable sensor that is inserted under the skin to measure glucose levels in the interstitial fluid. It provides real-time glucose data 24/7, allowing users to see their current glucose level and how it’s trending.
2. Wireless Data Transmission: The Dexcom G6 uses wireless technology to transmit glucose data to a compatible receiver device, such as a smartphone or dedicated receiver. This enables users to monitor their glucose levels without the need for routine fingerstick tests.
3. No Calibration: One significant advancement with the Dexcom G6 is that it does not require routine fingerstick calibration. This “factory-calibrated” system eliminates the need for daily calibrations, making it more convenient for users.
4. Customizable Alerts and Alarms: Users can set customizable high and low glucose alerts and alarms to receive notifications when their glucose levels are outside their target range. These alerts can help users take timely action to manage their blood sugar.
5. Compatibility with Smart Devices: The Dexcom G6 is compatible with a variety of smart devices, including smartphones and smartwatches. This allows users to view their glucose data on their preferred device using the Dexcom Mobile app.
6. Share Feature: The Share feature allows users to share their glucose data in real-time with designated followers or caregivers. This is particularly beneficial for parents of children with diabetes or for providing support to loved ones.
7. 10-Day Wear: The Dexcom G6 sensor is designed for 10 days of continuous wear. After 10 days, users need to replace the sensor with a new one.
8. Waterproof Design: The sensor and transmitter are designed to be waterproof, which means users can wear them while swimming or bathing.
9. Data Analysis: The Dexcom G6 provides retrospective glucose data, including trends and patterns, which can be helpful for users and healthcare providers in making informed diabetes management decisions.
10. Compatibility with Insulin Pumps: Many insulin pumps on the market can integrate with the Dexcom G6, allowing for automated insulin delivery based on CGM data. This integration can provide a more seamless diabetes management experience.

It’s important to note that the availability and specific features of CGM systems like the Dexcom G6 may vary by region and updates made by the manufacturer, Dexcom Inc. If you are interested in using the Dexcom G6 CGM system in the UK or have questions about its latest features and availability, we recommend consulting with healthcare providers or contacting Dexcom directly for the most up-to-date information.

Freestyle Libre 2

The FreeStyle Libre 2 is a CGM system designed to provide continuous glucose monitoring for individuals with diabetes, helping them manage their blood sugar levels more effectively. Here are key features and details about the FreeStyle Libre 2:

1. Continuous Glucose Monitoring: The FreeStyle Libre 2 consists of a small sensor that is applied to the skin’s surface, typically on the back of the upper arm. The sensor continuously measures glucose levels in the interstitial fluid and provides real-time glucose data.
2. Wireless Data Transmission: One of the notable features of the FreeStyle Libre 2 is its wireless data transmission to a compatible receiver device or smartphone. Users can scan the sensor with the FreeStyle Libre 2 reader or a smartphone app to access their current glucose level, trend arrows, and historical data.
3. No Fingerstick Calibration: Like its predecessor, the FreeStyle Libre 2 does not require routine fingerstick calibration, making it more convenient for users.
4. Customizable Alarms: Users can set customizable high and low glucose alarms to receive notifications when their glucose levels are outside their target range. These alarms can help users take prompt action to manage their blood sugar.
5. 14-Day Wear: The FreeStyle Libre 2 sensor is designed for 14 days of continuous wear. After 14 days, users need to replace the sensor with a new one.
6. Water-resistant: The sensor is water-resistant, allowing users to wear it while showering or swimming, as long as it is not submerged for extended periods.
7. Data Sharing: The FreeStyle Libre 2 system allows users to share their glucose data with healthcare providers or caregivers through the FreeStyle LibreLink app. This feature can facilitate remote monitoring and support.
8. Data Analysis: Users can access historical glucose data and trends on the reader or the smartphone app, helping them make informed decisions about diabetes management.
9. Hypo Alarm: The FreeStyle Libre 2 offers an optional hypo alarm feature that alerts users when their glucose levels are falling rapidly, potentially helping prevent severe hypoglycaemia.
10. Compatibility with Insulin Delivery Systems: The FreeStyle Libre 2 can be used alongside insulin pumps or multiple daily injection (MDI) therapy to guide insulin dosing decisions based on CGM data.

The FreeStyle Libre 2 is designed to provide users with valuable information about their glucose levels, trends, and patterns, helping them make informed decisions about insulin therapy, diet, and lifestyle. If you are interested in using the FreeStyle Libre 2 CGM system in the UK or have questions about its latest features and availability, we recommend consulting with healthcare providers or contacting Abbott directly for the most up-to-date information.

Medtronic Guardian Connect

The Medtronic Guardian Connect is a CGM system designed to continuously monitor glucose levels in individuals with diabetes, helping them manage their blood sugar more effectively. Here are key features and details about the Medtronic Guardian Connect:

1. Continuous Glucose Monitoring: The Guardian Connect system includes a small sensor that is inserted under the skin to measure glucose levels in the interstitial fluid. It provides real-time glucose data, offering users insights into their current glucose level, trend direction, and rate of change.
2. Wireless Data Transmission: The Guardian Connect sensor wirelessly transmits glucose data to a compatible smartphone app called the Guardian Connect app. Users can view their glucose data on their smartphone, enabling discreet and convenient monitoring.
3. Predictive Alerts: One of the standout features of the Guardian Connect is its predictive alerts. The system uses an algorithm to predict future glucose levels and provides alerts before glucose levels go too high or too low. This proactive approach helps users take action to prevent extreme glucose fluctuations.
4. Customizable Alerts: Users can set customizable high and low glucose alerts, as well as rate of change alerts, to receive notifications when their glucose levels are outside their target range.
5. 14-Day Wear: The Guardian Connect sensor is designed for 14 days of continuous wear. After 14 days, users need to replace the sensor with a new one.
6. Water-resistant: The sensor is water-resistant, allowing users to wear it while showering or participating in activities that may involve exposure to water.
7. Data Sharing: The Guardian Connect app allows users to share their glucose data with healthcare providers or caregivers. This remote monitoring feature can help facilitate timely adjustments to diabetes management plans.
8. Data Analysis: The app provides access to historical glucose data, trends, and reports. Users can analyse their glucose patterns and make informed decisions about insulin therapy, diet, and lifestyle.
9. Compatibility with Insulin Delivery Systems: The Guardian Connect can be used alongside Medtronic insulin pumps to guide insulin dosing decisions based on CGM data.
10. Remote Monitoring for Caregivers: Caregivers or parents can also access glucose data and receive alerts through the CareLink platform, providing peace of mind and the ability to support loved ones remotely.

The Medtronic Guardian Connect is designed to empower individuals with diabetes by providing them with real-time glucose data and predictive alerts to manage their condition more effectively. If you are interested in using the Medtronic Guardian Connect CGM system in the UK or have questions about its latest features and availability, we recommend consulting with healthcare providers or contacting Medtronic directly for the most up-to-date information.

Conclusion

Incorporating insulin pumps, CGMs and carb-counting apps into the diabetes management plan for a child can greatly improve their quality of life and provide parents with peace of mind. These technological tools offer precise control and real-time data, allowing for better blood sugar management and reducing the risk of complications associated with diabetes. If you’re considering these options for your child, consult with a healthcare professional to determine the most suitable devices and strategies for your child’s specific needs.

Remember, technology is continually advancing, so staying informed about the latest developments in diabetes management tools can help you make the best choices for your child’s health. We recommend consulting with healthcare providers or contacting manufacturers directly for the most up-to-date information.